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本文建立了基于微型脉管制冷机的低温恒温器热物理模型和控制算法模型，开发了一种基于Modelica语言的低温恒温器热平衡仿真计算方法，对低温恒温器的热平衡特性进行了研究。搭建了微型脉管制冷机提供冷源的便携式低温恒温器实验系统，通过测试数据验证了该热平衡仿真计算方法的准确性。经过对比，热平衡仿真计算的误差保持在10%以内，其中控温阶段的计算误差在3%以内，具有实用预测价值。基于该热平衡控温计算方法，对低温恒温器进行了参数化研究，考察了热阻片数量和厚度对降温速率和控温效果的影响。
Abstract：A thermophysical model along with control algorithm for a cryostat based on a miniature pulse tube cryocooler is proposed in this paper. A thermal equilibrium simulation calculation method is developed using Modelica language, and the thermal equilibrium characteristics are investigated. A portable cryostat experimental system with miniature pulse tube cryocooler is established, and the accuracy of the thermal balance simulation method is validated through experimental data. After comparison, the predictive error of the heat balance simulation is found within 10%, while the error of the calculation for the temperature control stage is within 3%, demonstrating practical predictive value. Based on the temperature control calculation method, a parametric study of the cryostat is carried out to investigate the influence of the number and thickness of the thermal resistors on the cooling rate and temperature control effect.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TB651
引用信息:
[1]徐良泽,蒋欣蓓,承磊,等.基于微型脉管制冷机的低温恒温器控温特性仿真及实验验证[J].制冷技术,2025,45(05):1-9.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题（No.2022YFC2703000）; 上海交通大学深蓝计划（No.SL2023ZD101）